2023年考研英語(yǔ)一全國(guó)統(tǒng)一卷試題答案及解析出爐

　　2023年考研英語(yǔ)一全國(guó)統(tǒng)一卷試題答案及解析出爐！考研初試剛剛結(jié)束，不少同學(xué)就急著查試卷的答案，于是高頓小編急忙為大家整理，其中英語(yǔ)一的全國(guó)試卷答案及解析已出爐，一起來(lái)看吧！

　　Section I Use of English

　　1.C located

　　2.A privately

　　3.B transition

　　4.C describe

　　5.C such as

　　6.A construction

　　7.B faced

　　8.B subjected

　　9.A so that

　　10.D meeting

　　11.D As a result

　　12.C exchange

　　13.C as well as

　　14.B influencing

　　15.A aided

　　16.B Indeed

　　17.D stock up on

　　18.A believed

　　19.D although

　　20.A ruins

　　Section II Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A.B.Cor D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER

　　SHEET(40 points)

　　Text 2

　　26.A【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　【解析】回文定位答案在第一段，由原文第二句

　　“with record-high home prices and historically lowinventory”可知現(xiàn)行租

　　房?jī)r(jià)格高，房屋庫(kù)存少，即房屋供應(yīng)緊缺

　　(its housing supply is at a very low rate)，故選擇A。

　　27.D【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　【解析】根據(jù)題干中的the bill定位到第二段的末句，其中關(guān)鍵信息是

　　illegal..restricting short-termrentals“限制短期租房是不合法的”，言外之意是可以“短期租房”，與D allow a free short-term rental market“允許

　　自由的短期租房市場(chǎng)”是一個(gè)意思。所以答案選D。

　　28.B【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　【解析】本題是要對(duì)比兩個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)考核Taylor的觀點(diǎn)，定位到第三段。其中提到without enough affordable housing...,employers are having a hard time a ttracting employees,and workers are having a hard time finding a place to l ive.由此可見(jiàn)affordable housing的重要性。因此B中的Increase in affordable housing與其是同義替換。所以答案選B

　　29.C【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　【解析】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Horn emphasize”定位到第五段，整段都是Horn的觀點(diǎn)，A選項(xiàng)中的upgrade“升級(jí)”，文章沒(méi)有提到。B中的local housing market也沒(méi)有提到。C中stop developers from evading taxes組織開(kāi)發(fā)商偷稅，與最后一句話shouldn't a developer...be treated and taxed?是同義轉(zhuǎn)換,因此C正確。

　　D中的producers for renting“租房流程”文章沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。所以本題選C。

　　30.D【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　【解析】本題是個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)題，根據(jù)題干的

　　imposing registration requirement定位到最后一段，后面提到了

　　benefit,but have to build a lot more,對(duì)應(yīng)D中的inadequate“不充分”

　　Text3

　　31.A.an ongoing conflict.

　　32.C.To respond to PRH's business move.

　　33.B.The credit limit will be removed

　　34.A.Sales of books by mid-list PRH writers fall off considerably.

　　35.D.The merger of publishers is a worrying trend

　　Text 4

　　Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research.Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000 journals.

　　The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number ofways,including the perceived quality of the journal(as reflected by the title's impact factor)and the number ofcitations a specific paper accumulates.The careers of scientists andthe reputation of their institutions depend on the number and

　　prestige ofthe papers they produce,but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers Citation cartels,where journals,authors,and institutions conspire to inflate citation numbers.have existed for a long time.In 2016.researchers developedan algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns,including

　　groupsof authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications.Recently,another expression of this predatory behavior has emerged:so-called support service consultancies that provide language and othereditorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles.The advent of electronic publishing and authors'need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals.

　　The birth of predatory journals wasn't far behind.These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series ofpapers.In some instances,there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations.The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all-it is just providing citations to other journals.Such practices can lead an articleto accrue more than 150 citations m the same year that it was published.

　　How insidious is this type of citation manipulation?In one example an individual-acting as author,editor,and consultant-was able to use at least15journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities.The problem is rampant in Scopus,a citation database which includes a high number of the new“international"journals.In fact,a listingin Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation.

　　Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this malpractice.Red flags includea large number of citations to an article within the first year And for authors who wish to steer clear of citation cartel activities:when an editor a reviewer,or a support service asks you to add inappropriate

　　references,do not oblige and do report the request to the journal

　　36.According to Paragraphl,the careers of scientists can be determined by

　　[A]how many citations their works contain

　　B]how many times their papers are cited

　　C]the prestige of the people they work with

　　D]the status they have in scientific circles

　　37.The support service consultancies tend to

　　[A]recommend journals to their clients

　　B]list citation patterns their clients

　　[C]ask authors to include extra citations

　　D]advise contributors to cite each other

　　38.The Function of the“milk cow"journals is to

　　[A]boost citation counts for certain authors

　　B]help scholars publish articles at low cost

　　[C]instruct First-time contributors in citation

　　D]increase the readership of new journals.

　　39.What can be learned about Scopus From the last two paragraphs?

　　A]It Fosters competition among citation providers

　　<B>It has the capability to identify suspicious citations[C]It hinders the growth of"international"journals

　　D]It established to prevent citation manipulation

　　40.What Should an author do to deal with citation manipulators?

　　[A]Take legal action<B>Demand an apology

　　CI Seek professional advice

　　D]Reveal their misconduct

　　答案解析:36.B

　　【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　【解析】本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到第一段最后一句，The careers ofscientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce,but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.由本句中的but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.可知，The careers of scientists更加依賴的是這些論文吸引的引用量，由此可知B選項(xiàng)“他們的論文被引用了多少次”為正確選項(xiàng)。

　　37.C

　　【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　【解析】本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞The support service consultancies可以定位到第二段最后一句Recently.another expression of this predatory behavior has emerged:so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number ofcitations to their articles，本句最后提到“建議貢獻(xiàn)者在他們的文章中添加一些引用”也即是說(shuō)需要寫(xiě)文章的人自己添加引用，由此可知C選項(xiàng)，“要求作者添加額外的引用”為正確答案。而D選項(xiàng)“建議貢獻(xiàn)者相互引用”為干擾項(xiàng)，文章并沒(méi)有提到貢獻(xiàn)者要相互引用。

　　38.A

　　【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　【解析】本題為細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)題干信息“milk cow”可以定位到第三段第三句Thesejournals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers.由本句可知“一期的每一篇文章都可以引用一篇或一系列論文"也即是說(shuō)milk cow能夠增加引用量，因此A選項(xiàng)“提高某些作者的引用量”為正確答案

　　39.B

　　【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　【解析】本題是一題微觀推理題，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Scopus回文分別定位到第四段第二、三兩句，以及第五段開(kāi)篇部分。根據(jù)第五段開(kāi)篇部分“Scopus itself has all the data necessarv to detect this malpractice(Scopus本身?yè)碛袡z測(cè)這種不當(dāng)行為所需的所有數(shù)據(jù)。)”說(shuō)明Scopus有能力發(fā)現(xiàn)這種在論文引用上的不當(dāng)行為，文中的“this malpractice”即指上文中的“citation manipulation”，對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有B項(xiàng)與原文形成呼應(yīng)，故為正確答案。

　　40.D

　　【考點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

　　8

　　【解析】本題是一題事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞author和deal with citation manipulators回文分別定位到第五段到三句“when an editor arevieweror a support service asks you to add inappropriate references do not oblige and do report the request to the journal.(當(dāng)編輯、審稿人或支持服務(wù)要求你添加不適當(dāng)?shù)膮⒖嘉墨I(xiàn)時(shí)，不要勉強(qiáng)，而是要向期刊報(bào)告這一要求)”。說(shuō)明，作為作者，應(yīng)能揭露這種行為。對(duì)比四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有D項(xiàng)與原文形成呼應(yīng)，故為正確答案。

　　PartC

　　(46)AIcan also be used to identify the lifestyles choices of customers regardingtheir hobbies.favorite celebrities.and fashions to provide unique content in marketing messages put out through social media

　　【參考譯文】人工智能還可以用來(lái)識(shí)別出消費(fèi)者生活方式的選擇，包

　　括他們的愛(ài)好、最喜歡的名人和時(shí)尚，從而通過(guò)社交媒體發(fā)布的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)

　　信息來(lái)提供獨(dú)特的內(nèi)容。

　　(47)Some believe that AI is negatively impacting on the marketer's role by reducing creativity and removing jobs,but they are aware that it is a way of reducing costs and creating new information

　　【參考譯文】一些人認(rèn)為，人工智能通過(guò)減少創(chuàng)造力和工作機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)營(yíng)

　　銷(xiāo)人員產(chǎn)生了負(fù)面影響，但他們也意識(shí)到，這是一種降低成本和創(chuàng)造

　　新信息的方式。

　　(48)Algorithms used to stimulate human interactions are creating manyof these concerns.especially as no-one is quite sure what the outcomes ol using Al to interact with customers will be.

　　【參考譯文】用于刺激人際互動(dòng)的算法正在引發(fā)許多此類(lèi)擔(dān)憂，尤其是在沒(méi)有人非常確定使用人工智能與客戶互動(dòng)的結(jié)果會(huì)是什么情況下。

　　(49)If customers are not willing to share data,AI will be starved of essential information and will not be able to function effectively or employ machne learmng to improve its marketing content and communication

　　【參考譯文】如果客戶不愿意分享數(shù)據(jù)，人工智能將缺乏必要的信息，

　　無(wú)法有效地發(fā)揮作用，也無(wú)法使用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)改善其營(yíng)銷(xiāo)內(nèi)容和傳播。

　　(50)The non-intrusive delivery of the marketing message in a way that is sensitiveto the needs oftarget customers is one of the critical challenges to the digital marketer.

　　【參考譯文】以一種對(duì)目標(biāo)客戶需求敏感的方式非侵入式地傳遞營(yíng)銷(xiāo)信息是數(shù)字營(yíng)銷(xiāo)人員面臨的關(guān)鍵挑戰(zhàn)之一。

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